The Link Between Dairy and Cancer
A tall, cool glass of whole milk was once a fixture at dinner tables in the US, and generations of Americans have always considered dairy products like milk, yogurt, and cheese a healthy part of the food pyramid. Dairy intake has declined over the years as consumers prefer lower-fat milk alternatives made from almond and soy. Despite milk’s perceived health risks, cancer isn’t the one consumers jump to, but there’s more to the story.
To be clear, the link between cancer and dairy intake is mixed at best, but those at higher risk should know the facts.
Dairy offers many health benefits, which is why it has been a core part of the human diet for thousands of years. Rich in calcium, zinc, vitamins, and protein, milk supports bone health and makes cookies even more delightful.
Unfortunately, there is some evidence to suggest that milk may increase the risk of certain types of cancer, while lowering the risk of others.
Colorectal cancer and dairy: Most studies show that dairy lowers the risk of colorectal cancer, possibly by as much as 17%. The higher the dairy intake, the lower the risk of developing colorectal cancer. The study doesn’t account for other variables, such as cholesterol levels, weight management, or other potential lifestyle-related illnesses.
Breast cancer and dairy: A nearly three-decade study found that women who drank between 14 and 21 servings of milk per week had a slightly higher risk of breast cancer. Adult women who ate cheese had a lower risk, while factors such as intake before or after menopause also affected the results. The link between breast cancer and dairy intake is tenuous.
Prostate risk and cancer: High levels of dairy intake most likely increase the risk of cancer, especially when drinking milk regularly. Fat content doesn’t appear to be a factor; nonfat and higher-fat dairy products were both associated with elevated risk.
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Why Are Fewer People Drinking Milk?
Consumer demand for milk and other dairy products has fallen consistently for over six decades. US per capita milk intake has fallen roughly 50% since 1975, though Americans are getting dairy by other means. Cheese consumption has more than doubled since 1975, becoming one of America’s most popular food staples.
Milk intake increased for the first time in decades in 2024, rising nearly 1%.
You can still enjoy dairy, but it’s important to make healthy choices.
Choose low-fat or skim milk (except for children under 5)
Eat cheese sparingly and look for low-fat, low-sodium options
Choose low-fat yogurt with low sugar content
Always talk to your healthcare provider for nutrition and weight-management advice.
Make Informed Choices with Less Cancer
Cancer prevention should be the basis of public health policy – but it isn’t. Less Cancer is a non-profit dedicated to helping individuals, families, and communities lower cancer risk through education, programming, and advocacy. We work with healthcare experts, public health officials, and community leaders across the country to make prevention a priority, and you can help. Donate today and help us improve health outcomes for all Americans.
